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| timezone1 = ART | utc_offset1 = -3 | postal_code_type = | postal_code = | area_code_type = | area_code = | iso_code = | website = | footnotes = }} Ellsworth Scientific Station ((スペイン語:Estación Científica Ellsworth), or simply ''Estación Ellsworth'' or ''Base Ellsworth'') was a permanent, all year-round originally American, then Argentine Antarctic scientific research station named after American polar explorer Lincoln Ellsworth. It was located on Gould Bay, on the Filchner Ice Shelf. It was shut down in 1962 over safety concerns due to it being built on increasingly unstable ice, which produced fast deterioration of its superstructures and endangered both personnel and equipment. ==History== Ellsworth Station was built by United States Navy personnel under the command of Captain Finn Ronne, with the support of the icebreakers USS ''Staten Island'' and USS ''Wyandot''. The originally planned site for the station was Cape Adams, but when the terrain proved impractical due to huge ice cliffs, an alternate location on Gould Bay was selected, on the western coast of the Weddell Sea over the Filchner Ice Shelf, and close to the Argentine Belgrano I Base. Part of the scheduled agenda for the International Geophysical Year, Ellsworth was commissioned on 11 February 1957 and less than a year later, on 17 January 1959, was handed over to the Argentine Antarctic Institute. With the handover, the United States government gave all the buildings, facilities, and existing food supplies whilst Argentina provided the logistical and administrative services necessary for the continued operation of the station.〔 It was agreed that scientists of both countries would work together at the place in technical studies and scientific research.〔 On 31 December 1959 the Argentine icebreaker ARA ''General San Martín'' was heading to Ellsworth Station to renew personnel and consumables when it received a SOS signal from the Norwegian–South African exploration ship ''Polarbjorn'', which had gotten stuck in ice. The Argentines managed to set the ship free so it could follow with its planned route along the coastline; however, ''General San Martín'' was later unable to reach its own primary goal—located on the deepest recess of the Weddell Sea—due to unusually thick pack ice on the target area. On 6 January 1962 then Frigate Captain Hermes Quijada of the Argentine Naval Aviation, leading a two-Douglas C-47 flight, made a stopover at Ellsworth before continuing to the South Pole. He became the first pilot that having taken off from the Americas landed at Earth's southernmost point.〔 Feasibility of the station came into question when structural problems caused by the unstable ice had the base half-sunk during most of the spring.〔 To protect personnel and equipment, Ellsworth was closed and all of its staff and equipment were evacuated on 30 December 1962, during the 1962–63 austral summer campaign.〔 It continued to be inspected periodically by Argentine exploration teams: it was eventually covered by snow and ice. The Filchner Shelf sector where it was located split as a giant iceberg and drifted through the Southern Ocean, where the base's remains have presumably been lost.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ellsworth Station」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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